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DOCUMENTATION GUIDE

How to read a Certificate of Analysis

A practical guide to identity, purity, lot matching, methods, dates, and the questions a COA can and cannot answer.

Lab literacyAnalytical documentationReviewed August 2026

Start with traceability

Match the product name, lot or batch identifier, sample identifier, test date, and issuing laboratory to the material being reviewed.

Separate identity from purity

An identity result addresses whether the detected material is consistent with the expected analyte. A purity result estimates the proportion represented by the measured main component under the stated method.

Know the boundary

A COA does not automatically establish sterility, endotoxin status, suitability for a particular experiment, or human or veterinary safety unless those items were specifically tested and reported.